Kwestie migracji i uchodźstwa w strategiach bezpieczeństwa narodowego państw Trójmorza – analiza porównawcza

The migration crisis of 2015-2016 has fundamentally affected the security environment of the countries of Central Europe, such as Croatia, Slovenia or Austria, which have become transit states. The article is an attempt to analyze migration as a security threat, as well as the place and rank of this phenomenon in the national security strategies of the twelve Central European countries, the so-called Three-seas
region, namely Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia and Hungary. Among the precrisis strategies, Slovenia and Hungary are separately characterized this problem. On the other hand, Austria, Poland and Romania agreed that the discussed phenomenon is on the margins of more serious challenges for state security. The strategies published during and after the migration crisis are similar. The first sub-group includes Bulgaria, the Czech Republic and Slovakia, which devote a separate place to this issue. In turn, Croatia,
Lithuania and Latvia considered migration as an element of threats of greater importance. Thus, the migration crisis does not constitute any point of the described documents. Therefore, it is proposed to introduce a different division of the discussed documents, this time according to the criterion of the significance of the phenomenon of migration for the national security of the Three-seas states. Among the studies that distinguished migration as a separate threat are the strategies of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary and the updated strategy of Bulgaria. In the group of countries treating the discussed issue as part of a larger whole, there were Austria, Croatia, Lithuania, Latvia, Poland and Romania.